Oil burner



May 9, 1933.

J. E. FOWLER OIL BURNER 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Original Filed May 19. 1930Enventor g; ,bfiok E/Ew/er &1

(Itto 2g May 9, 1933. E FOWLER Re. 18,827

OIL BURNER Original Filed May is. 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 'Jlmeutor N a)Jose O 1 Ef'wl attorney J. E. FOWLER May 9, I933.

OIL BURNER Original Filed May 19. 1950 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Ihmentor 3;Joseph E Rik/(er War (Ittorn g J. E. FOWLER May 9, 1933.

OIL BURNER Original Filed May 19, 1950 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Reissued May 9,1933 UNEED STATES JOSEPH E. FOWLER, F WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS I OIL-BURNER Original No. 1,878,836, dated September 20, 1932, Serial No.453,776, filed May 19, 1930. Application for reissue filed January 11,1933.

This invention relates to oil burners and is an improvement upon theburner disclosed in Patent No. 1,633,753, granted to me March 27, 1928.Like the burner disclosed in the patent referred to, the presentinvention is primarily intended for use in stoves and furnaces, althoughadapted for many other uses.

An object of the present invention is the provision of an oil burnerincluding awide open top oil cup, or chamber, located beneath thecombustion chambers and air chambers, with means to admit air into thean chambers from the sides of the burner to preheat the air before itenters the combustion chambers, and thns promote combustion and increasethe heat of the flame.

Another object of the invention is the provision of means for somounting and supporting the cylinder walls of the air and combustionchambers as to provide a structure which may be removed and replaced asa unit, and when in position, will eliminate leakage of air into thecombustion chambers.

Another object of the invention is the provision of an oil cup forsupplying fuel to a plurality of combustion chambers to conserve spaceand thus adapt the burner for use in ranges, where a small burner ofgreat heating capacity is necessary.

Another object of the invention 1s the provision of an oil burnerwherein a single valve is employed for controlling the fuel to aplurality of combustion chambers.

With the above and other ob ects 1n vlew, the invention further includesthe following novel features and details of construction, to behereinafter more fully described, illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings and pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings: 7

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view partly in elevation showing aburner constructed in accordance with the invention.

Figure 2 is: a top plan view of the same.

Figures 3 and 4 are enlarged sectional views taken respectively on thelines 33 and 4L4 of Figure 1.

. Figure 5 is an enlarged fragmentary sec- Serial No. 651,239.

tional view illustrating the outlet valve for he oil tank.

Figure 6 is a section on the line 6-6 of Figure 5.

.Figure 7 is a detail sectional view illustrating a modified form of oilcup.

Figure 8 is a detail sectional View showing a modified form of flamedistributor.

Figure 9 is a detail plan view of the flame disc.

Referring to the drawings in detail wherein like characters of referencedenote corresponding parts, the reference character A indicates a burnerunit, two of which are shown assupported upon a stand B. This standincludes a base having legs 10 which carry at their outer ends adjustingscrews 11, by means of which the top 12 of the stand may be adjusted.The burner units A are mounted upon supporting cradles 13 which areadjustably secured to the top 12 as shown at 1 1. The burner units maythus be relatively adjusted.

Each of the burner units A includes a plurality of spaced perforatedcylinders 15. These cylinders are so arranged and spaced as to provideinner and outer combustion chambers 16 and 17, respectively, whose lowerends are open for communication with an oil chamber 18 provided in anopen cup 19, the latter being mounted upon the cradle 13. The open edgeof this cup is beveled and is surrounded by a ring 20 so as to providean annular seat 21 for the lower edgeof the outermost perforatedcylinder 15.

In addition to the combustion chambers 13 and 17, the perforatedcylinders provide an inner air chamber 23 and an intermediate airchamber 241, the latter being located be tween the combustion chambers16 and 17. The air chamber 23 is closed at its bottom, as indicated at25, by a flanged disc secured to the lower end of the innermost cylinder15, while the top of this air chamber has extending tliereacross a disc26. This disc is attached to a cuplike member 27 by means of a screw 28and extends over into the adjacent combustion chamber 16. The airchamber 24 is also closed at its bottom, as shown at 29, by a flangedring secured to the by unheated air lower ends of the intermediatecylinders 15, and its upper end is provided with a similar ring closure30.

In addition to the cylinder 15, the burner includes an outer cylinder 31which is supported from the outer cylinder 15 through the medium of lugs22. The space between the cylinder 31 and the adjacent perforatedcylinder is closed at its top by an annulus 32. The walls ofthecombustion chambers 16 and 17 are connected by conduits or thimbles33 and 34, the latter providing the air passage from the atmosphere intothe air chamber 24, while the conduit or thimble 83 provides for thepassage of air into the inner air cham ber 23.

As the rings 29 and 30 and the conduits 33 and 34 connect the cylinders15, and as the cylinder 31 is supported upon lugs 22 which extend fromthe outermost cylinder 15, this last mentioned cylinder acts to supportthe remaining cylinders as a unit, on the seat 21 around the outer wallof the cup 19, with the lower ends of the other cylinders 15 above thecup bottom. Openings 35 are provided in the outer cylinder 31 inalignment in the passages referred to so that air will be admittedthrough the sides of the burner to the air chambers 23 and 24. Thecylinder 31 is imperforate, except for the openings 35.

Supported upon the top of'the burner as indicated at 36 is a flamedistributor or spreader 37. A loop or staple 38 extends from this flamedistributor for engagement by a suitable tool or implement for theremoval of the distributor. V

Oil is admitted to the oil chamber through a pipe 39 which extends froma manifold 40,

and a lighting ring or wick 41 is positioned within the oil chamber.This ring is preferably formed of asbestos and is used to initially heatthe burner. A single valve 42 controls the admission of oil to the oilchamber and as this chamber supplies fuel to a plurality of combustionchambers, this valve controls both of the combustion chambers.

As the air conduits are positioned above the oil cup, and as thestructure of this cup prevents the passage of air therethrough, thetemperature of the cup will not be lowered passing into the oil chamberwithin this cup.

Located within the oil chamber upon the inside of the ring 41 is aninverted perforated pan-like member 41a which defines a strainer disc.The flange of this member spaces the perforated disc above the bottom ofthe oil chamber, so that the vapor will burn above the perforations ofthis disc and the flame will be prevented from contact with the oil.This disc acts to evenly distribute the vapor to the flame and preventsthe format1on of carbon.

The reference character 43 indicates an oil reservoir or tank which isremovably mounted upon the top of an oil well 44, the latter havingextending therefrom flanges 45 to retain the tank. This tank is providedwith a discharge mouth 46 having a flush plug 47 threadedly securedtherein. The plug is provided with a discharge opening 48 which iscontrolled by a spring pressed valve 49. An overflow pipe '50 extendsfrom the well and has depending therefrom a bucket or receptacle 51. Apipe 52 extends from the well 44 to the manifold 40, connectionbetweenthe pipe 52 and the manis fold being effected by means of a short pipe53. This last referred to pipe is provided with a drain valve 54.

The well 44'is vertically adjustable so as to regulate the level of theoil within the oil chamber 18. F or this purpose the well 44 is mountedupon a threaded stem 55 which is adjustable within a stand 56, a nut 57serving as a means of adjustment.

In Figure 7 of the drawings there is illustrated a slightly diiierentform of oilcup 19a. This cup is provided with a central depression 58which receives the oil ring 59. Oil collects in the depression 58,instead of flowing over the entire surface of a large cup, so that theoil vaporizes in the central depression and passes to the combustionchambers. Oil is supplied to the cup through the pipe 39 as previouslyexplained and the cylinders are supported upon the cup after the mannershown in Figure 1.

In Figure 8 there is provided a flame distributor 60, which is rotatablymounted upon the top of the burner by the portion 61 engaging theannulus 32. This distributor is provided with oppositely disposed flameoutlets 62', one of which may be provided with a closure 63 if desired.The flame distributor is also provided with a central opening 64 whichmay be closed by a disc 65 which is pivotally mounted as shown at 66. IThe disc closure is provided with a loop or staple 67 for convenience inmanipulating the closure and the flame distributor is'provided withasimilar' loop or staple 68.

VTith the form of flame distributor just.

described, the flame may be directed horizontally in any direction tomore eii'ectually heat a hot water front, or a coil in a range. Inaddition, the flame may be directed upward "through the opening 64 forheating cooking utensils upon the top of a stove.

The invention is susceptible of various changes in its form, proportionsand minor details of construction, to be hereinafter more fullydescribed, illustratedin the accompanying drawings and pointed out inthe appended claims. I

Having described the invention what. is claimed is 1. An oil burnercomprising a plurality of perforated cylinders arranged one withinanother to provide inner and outer combustion chambers and inner andintermediate air chambers, an outer cylinder surrounding the perforatedcylinders and inperforate except for oppositely disposed openings, tubesextending through certain of the perforated cylinders and in alignmentwith said first mentioned openings to admit air to said air chambers,closures secured to the perforated cylinders for closing the upper andlower ends of the air chambers and fuel supply means supporting one ofthe perforated cylinders, the other cylinders being supported by thelast mentioned perforated cylinder.

2. An oil burner comprising a plurality of perforated cylinders arrangedone within another to provide inner and outer combustion chambers andinner and intermediate air chambers, an outer cylinder surrounding theperforated cylinders and imperforate except for oppositely disposedopenings, tubes extending through certain of the perforated cylindersand in alignment with said first mentioned openings to admit air to saidair chambers, closures secured to the perforated cylinders for closingthe upper and lower ends of the air chambers, and an open cup shapedfuel supply member supporting one of the perforated cylinders, the othercylinders being supported by the last mentioned perforated cylinder.

3. A liquid fuel burner comprising a plurality of spaced perforatedsleeves arranged to provide alternate combustion chambers and airchambers, end closures for said air chambers extending between the endsof certain of said sleeves, conduits extending through said combustionchambers for admitting air to said air chambers, and a fuel supplymember for supporting one of said sleeves, the other sleeves beingsupported from the last named sleeve by said end 010- sures and saidconduits.

4. A liquid fuel burner comprising a plurality of spaced perforatedsleeves arranged to provide alternate combustion chambers and airchambers, end closures for said air chambers secured to the ends ofcertain of said sleeves, conduits extending through said combustionchambers for admitting air to said air chambers, and an open cup shapedfuel supply member having an outer wall for supporting the outermostsleeve, the other sleeves being supported from said outermost sleeve bysaid end closures and said air conduits and the lower open ends of saidcombustion chambers being spaced above the base of said fuel supplymember.

5. A liquid fuel burner comprising a plurality of spaced perforatedcylinders concentrically arranged to provide inner and outer combustionchambers and inner and intermediate air chambers, end closures for saidair chambers secured to the ends of certain of said cylinders, conduitsextending through said combustion chambers for admitting air to said airchambers, and an open cup shaped fuel supply member having an outercircular wall for supporting the outermost cylinder, the other cylindersbeing supported from said outermost cylinder by said end closures andsaid air conduits.

6. In a liquid fuel burner, a unit assembly comprising a plurality ofperforated sleeves arranged in spaced relation to provide a plurality ofchambers therebetween, members extending between the walls of certain ofsaid sleeves for closing the ends of alternate chambers and conduitsextending between the walls of other sleeves to admit air to thechambers having the end closures, the chambers through which saidconduits pass being open at their ends.

7 In a liquid fuel burner, a plurality of perforated sleeves arranged inspaced rela tion to provide a plurality of chambers therebetween,members secured to the walls of certain of said sleeves for closing theends of alternate chambers and conduits secured to and extending betweenthe walls of other sleeves to admit air to the chambers having the endclosures, the chambers through which said conduits pass being open attheir ends for the passage of products of combustion, said end closuresand said conduits serving to secure all of said sleeves together toprovide a unit assembly.

JOSEPH E. FOWLER.

